School of Assassins, USA
SOA Watch and Chasqui BartolinaSisa (15/11/2003 07:04)
Father Roy Bourgeois founded SOA Watch to inform the American
public about " the School of Assassins" and to close it down.
But, he cannot do it alone. He needs the support of all
Americans who abhor the training of terrorists and murderers in
this country. Support SOA Watch and Father Roy Bourgeois at:
SOA Watch
PO Box 3330
Columbus, GA 31903
706-682-5369
School of the Americas:
School of Assassins, USA
The School of the Americas
World War II was the "good war". After that conflict, most
Americans believed that US intentions in the world were noble --
the US was the punisher of aggression and a warrior for freedom.
This image was for generations of Americans the measure by which
they judged their country in world affairs. The war in Vietnam
ended the illusion that America was always on the "right side".
Today, America's image as a defender of democracy and justice
has been further eroded by the School of the Americas (SOA),
which trains Latin American and Caribbean military officers and
soldiers to subvert democracy and kill hope in their own
countries.
Founded by the United States in 1946, the SOA was initially
located in Panama, but in 1984 it was kicked out under the terms
of the Panama Canal Treaty and moved to the army base at Fort
Benning, Georgia. Then-President of Panama Jorge Illueca called
it "the biggest base for de-stabilization in Latin America," and
a major Panamanian newspaper dubbed it " The School of
Assassins."
Today, SOA instructors and students are recruited from the cream
of the Latin American military establishment. The School trains
700-2,000 soldiers a year, and since its inception in 1946, more
than 60,000 military personnel have graduated from the SOA.
If the SOA concentrated its training on protecting country
borders from foreign aggression or safeguarding citizens from
invasion by outside enemies, it would be considered an exemplary
institution, worth the cost of American tax dollars and US
prestige. But, the SOA has very different goals. Its curriculum
includes courses in psychological warfare, counterinsurgency,
interrogation techniques, and infantry and commando tactics.
Presented with the most sophisticated and up-to-date techniques
by the US Army's best instructors, these courses teach military
officers and soldiers of Third World countries to subvert the
truth, to muzzle union leaders, activist clergy, and
journalists, and to make war on their own people. It prepares
them to subdue the voices of dissent and to make protesters
submit. It instructs them in techniques of marginalizing the
poor, the hungry, and the dispossessed. It tells them how to
stamp out freedom and terrorize their own citizens. It trains
them to destroy the hope of democracy.
The School of the Americas (SOA) has been given other names --
"School for Dictators", "School of Assassins", and "Nursery of
Death Squads". And, countries with the worst human rights
records send the most soldiers to the School.
Countries / Graduates (since 1946)
Argentina / 931
Bolivia / 4,049
Brazil / 355
Chile / 2,405
Colombia / 8,679
Costa Rica / 2,376
Dominican Republic / 2,330
Ecuador / 2,356
El Salvador / 6,776
Guatemala / 1,676
Honduras / 3,691
Nicaragua / 4,693
Panama / 4,235
Paraguay / 1,084
Peru / 3,997
Uruguay / 931
Venezuela / 3,250
When they return to their home countries, graduates of the SOA
hold a rather unique and peculiar view of their countrymen. They
look upon priests, social workers, journalists, and liberal
intellectuals, not as assets to their societies, but as
dangerous subversives, working to undermine the system that
keeps these soldiers, army officers, and their sponsors in
power.
Graduates of the SOA have been among the most repressive tyrants
in Latin America, and their actions have been some of the most
cruel and violent. In El Salvador, in 1989, a Salvadoran army
patrol executed six Jesuit priests as they lay face-down on the
ground at Central America University. According to the United
Nation's Truth Commission Report on El Salvador in 1993, 19 of
the 27 officers who took part in the executions were trained at
the SOA.
In 1990, in El Salvador, populist Archbishop Oscar Romero was
assassinated. Three-quarters of the Salvadoran officers
implicated in the killing were trained at the SOA. Roberto
D'Aubuison, the late leader of El Salvador's Death Squad, was
implicated in the plot to assassinate Archbishop Romero. He also
participated in numerous murders, including a massacre in the
village of El Mazote, where more than 900 men, women, and
children were killed. He graduated from SOA as well.
The U.N. Truth Commission's statistics reveal the extent of the
School's murderous role in El Salvador .
Romero assassination 3 officers cited --- 2 were SOA graduates
Murder of US nuns 5 officers cited --- 3 were SOA graduates
Union leader murders 3 officers cited --- 3 were SOA graduates
El Junquillo massacre 3 officers cited --- 2 were SOA graduates
El Mazote massacre 12 officers cited --- 10 were SOA graduates
Dutch journalist murders 1 officer cited --- he was an SOA
graduate
Las Hojas massacre 6 officers cited --- 3 were SOA graduates
San Sebastian massacre 7 officers cited --- 6 were SOA graduates
Jesuit massacre 26 officers cited --- 19 were SOA graduates
In other Latin American countries, graduates of the SOA have
been equally prominent enemies of human rights. Former dictators
Omar Torrijos of Panama, Guillermo Rodriguez of Ecuador, and
Juan Velasco Alvarado of Peru, all overthrew constitutionally
elected governments in their countries. Leopoldo Galtieri, the
former head of the Argentina junta defeated in the Falklands
War, was responsible for thousands of "disappeared" citizens who
supported freedom and democracy in Argentina, and paid the
ultimate price with their lives. He was an SOA graduate.
In Honduras, General Humberto Ragalado Hernandez, was trained at
the SOA at the same time that he was linked to Columbian drug
cartels, and the highest ranking officers in the Honduran Death
Squad were trained at SOA as well.
In Peru, the most senior officers convicted of the February 1994
murder of nine university students and a professor, were
graduates of the SOA. In Columbia, a 1992 human rights tribunal
cited 246 officers for crimes against the people of Columbia.
105 of the officers were trained at the SOA. In Panama,
ex-dictator Manuel Noriega, formerly on the CIA payroll,
graduated from the SOA. He is now in a US prison, convicted of
trafficking in drugs.
In Guatemala, a country of 10 million, the indigenous Mayan
population of 6 million have endured the greatest suffering in
Latin America. During more than 30 years of civil war,
tens-of-thousands have been slaughtered, with the total killed
estimated to exceed 200,000. Most of the ranking generals
involved in the numerous coups and acts of terror and murder
during this period were trained at the SOA.
In the 1970s and early 1980s, in Guatemala, thousands of
political activists and opponents of government policies were
assassinated. General Manuel Antonio Callejas y Callejas, Chief
of Army Intelligence at the time, was cited by the UN as the
individual responsible for most of those murders. He graduated
from the SOA. One of the most vicious tyrants in recent
Guatemalan history is Jose Efrain Rios Montt. General, dictator,
and a former president from 1982-83, Rios Montt was proud of his
political philosophy of "beans for the obedient; bullets for the
rest". He was also a graduate of the SOA.
The impact of SOA graduates on Latin American freedom has been
devastating. Armed with sophisticated training, modern weapons,
and up-to-date techniques of control and surveillance, graduates
of the SOA have terrorized their own countrymen for a
generation.
In the name of its citizens and using American taxpayer dollars,
the United States, the most-democratic of countries, has for
decades been training some of the most anti-democratic leaders
in the world. Administrations that have decried terrorism
abroad, have encouraged terrorists right here at home -- at the
SOA.
Our country, for generations, a beacon of liberty and democracy
to the world, should play no part in subverting democracy and
killing hope in other countries. Americans who condemn world
terror should condemn just as strongly America's training of
Third World terrorists. It is time for all of us to demand that
the School of the Americas be closed.
What you can do
Call, fax, or write the President, and your Senators and
Representative. Ask them to end funding for the SOA and stop
training terrorists and murderers in America.
Ask them to support House of Representatives Bill -- HR 2652 --
introduced by Representative Joseph Kennedy (D-MA). This bill
would close the School of the Americas and establish in its
place an Academy for Democracy and Civil-Military Relations, to
identify the proper role of the military in a democratic society
and bring about civilian control over military matters in Latin
America.
Father Roy Bourgeois founded SOA Watch to inform the American
public about " the School of Assassins" and to close it down.
But, he cannot do it alone. He needs the support of all
Americans who abhor the training of terrorists and murderers in
this country. Support SOA Watch and Father Roy Bourgeois at:
SOA Watch
PO Box 3330
Columbus, GA 31903
706-682-5369
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School of the Americas Watch